Since the beginning of the human race man has not only been concerned about time, but being accurate in keeping time. This leads to an interesting question. Where and when did time-keeping start? Examination of several cultures and world history raises more questions. Did time-keeping begin with the Ancient Egyptians, the Ancient Greeks, The Romans, or maybe the Ancient Chinese?
In this article we will examine Egyptian history: Conventional Egyptian chronology represents the scholarly consensus of ancient Egypt's Protodynastic Period beginning about 3200 BC. Early Egyptians built obelisks (tall 4-sided tapered monuments) placing them in specific locations to cast long shadows. Around 1500 BC, they developed a more accurate "shadow clock" or sundial. This was only good for about half a day and then had to be turned 180 degrees. An instrument very much like a carpenters T-square was developed as a third shadow clock around 1500 BC. The T being oriented eastward until noon, and then rotated to cast a shadow in the opposite direction. This enabled the shadow of the crossbar on a non-linear rule to give adequate time. Overcast days left a lot to be desired for those needing to be executed at 12 noon.
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